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Saito, Shigeru; Wan, T.*; Okubo, Nariaki; Kita, Satoshi*; Obayashi, Hironari; Sasa, Toshinobu
JAEA-Technology 2021-034, 94 Pages, 2022/03
JAEA-Technology-2021-034.pdf:5.91MB
Lead-bismuth eutectic alloy (LBE) is a major candidate for a spallation target material and core coolant of an accelerator driven system (ADS) which has been developed in the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) to transmute high-level radioactive wastes. A proton irradiation facility to build a material irradiation database for future ADS development is under considering in the J-PARC. To realize both the ADS and the above-mentioned facility, there are many issues on operational safety of LBE to be solved. Especially, corrosion data for the major materials such as T91 (Modified 9Cr-1Mo steel) and SS316L at the temperature range between 400 and 550 
C under the conditions of flowing LBE with a controlled oxygen are not sufficient to design the ADS and the facility. JAEA developed a new large-scale corrosion test loop named "OLLOCHI (Oxygen-controlled LBE LOop for Corrosion tests in HIgh-temperature)" aiming to perform the compatibility tests between the LBE and the steels, as well as to develop the LBE operation technology. OLLOCHI has a function to automatically control the oxygen concentration in LBE. The maximum temperature at the regions of high-temperature and low-temperature of the OLLOCHI are 550 C and 450 C respectively to cover the ADS designed condition. As a result of 2,000 hours operation, it was demonstrated that the OLLOCHI showed the designed performance. In this report, outline of the OLLOCHI, details of the components, results of characteristic tests, and the future experimental plan are described.
Ariyoshi, Gen; Obayashi, Hironari; Saito, Shigeru; Sasa, Toshinobu
Proceedings of 19th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics (NURETH-19) (Internet), 10 Pages, 2022/03
To clarify the flow characteristics of heavy liquid-metal (HLM) is important to achieve the construction of nuclear transmutation facility that utilizes HLM as a spallation target and coolant. At present, lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) spallation target plans to be installed in Japan proton accelerator research complex (J-PARC). LBE is also selected as one of the candidate media of a spallation target and a coolant for innovative nuclear systems such as accelerator-driven system (ADS) and LBE-cooled fast reactor, due to its adequate physical/chemical properties. The characteristics of LBE flowing inside the target are usually clarified with computational fluid dynamics analysis since the measurement techniques for the HLM flow are not well established, especially for high temperature region over 450C that is delivered from ADS's criteria. Therefore, the objective of this study is to develop measurement method for flow characteristics in the high temperature LBE. A miniature electro-magnet is introduced to electro-magnetic probe to overcome the limitation caused by a curie temperature of permanent magnet. To evaluate performance of the new probe, experimental apparatus equipping annular rotating vessel were also manufactured. The new probe was applied to high temperature LBE up to 480C. As a result, proportional induced voltage to the rotation speed of LBE were clearly observed, where excitation currents of the miniature electro-magnet were 0.2 A or 1 A. In this paper, configuration and performance of the newly developed electro-magnet probe to the high temperature LBE will be presented.
Saito, Shigeru; Wan, T.*; Okubo, Nariaki; Obayashi, Hironari; Watanabe, Nao; Ohdaira, Naoya*; Kinoshita, Hidetaka; Yamaki, Kenichi*; Kita, Satoshi*; Yoshimoto, Hidemitsu*; et al.
JPS Conference Proceedings (Internet), 33, p.011041_1 - 011041_6, 2021/03
An Accelerator Driven System (ADS) for waste transmutation investigated in JAEA employs lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) as a neutron production target material and coolant. The neutrons are to be produced via the spallation with 1.5 GeV proton beam injection. As materials irradiation data are important for ADS development, JAEA plans to construct an irradiation facility with LBE neutron production target in J-PARC. There are many technical issues on LBE for practical use. In JAEA, various R&Ds are being carried out. Concerning corrosion study, conditioning operation and functional tests of OLLOCHI started. Oxygen concentration control technology has also developing. In the large scale LBE loop experiment, the operation for steady state and transient experiments was performed by using IMMORTAL. In the area of instrument, development of ultrasonic flow meter and freeze seal valve are progressing as a key technology for the LBE loop system. Investigation of behavior of impurities in LBE, which is important for design of the irradiation facility, started. In this paper, the status of the LBE studies and experimental plan will be presented.
Ohdaira, Naoya*; Saito, Shigeru
Heliyon (Internet), 6(2), p.e03429_1 - e03429_8, 2020/02
Times Cited Count：4 Percentile：39.81(Multidisciplinary Sciences)Lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) is a candidate liquid metal coolant for a fast reactor, especially accelerator driven system (ADS). Freeze sealed valve is a candidate design to be possible to add passive safety to the reactor. On the other hand, since LBE is known that it causes expansion after its solidification, quantitative evaluation of the stress to the pipe produced by the LBE expansion should be considered. Many researchers produced related data for the expansion, however, evaluations of the strain by LBE expansion was barely reported. Therefore, the strain measurement using a stainless steel cup and the stress evaluation was performed together with visual observation using an optical microscopy. The results indicated keeping above room temperature (RT) was a significantly effective way to reduce the strain to the pipe.
Kikuchi, Kenji; Tezuka, Masao*; Saito, Shigeru; Oigawa, Hiroyuki; Takeda, Yasushi*
Proceedings of 4th International Symposium on Ultrasonic Doppler Method for Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Engineering (ISUD-4), p.107 - 110, 2004/09
When the steel is submerged into LBE, LBE will contact with the steel except for the interface among LBE, gas and metal where the surface energy controls the shape of the free surface in LBE. It is supposed that LBE will transmit ultrasonic wave into LBE through the contacting area. However, the ultrasonic echo was too low to detect from the steel container filled with LBE. The measurement was improved by coating the interface between the steel and LBE with the SnPb solder. After an immersion test the steel surface was covered with thin LBE layer. The thickness of the layer is only 10 to 20 micron m. So it will not disturb the flow pattern where UVP is applied. Sn was not detected by X ray analyses. This is an evidence how the steel was wetted in LBE and how the ultrasonic wave transmitted though the interface of LBE and the steel.
Maekawa, Fujio; Matsuda, Hiroki; Meigo, Shinichiro; Sasa, Toshinobu; Miyahara, Shinya*; Arita, Yuji*; Ohdaira, Naoya*
no journal, ,
To assess physicochemical composition of spallation products in Lead-Bismuth Eutectic (LBE) alloy which was to be used as a spallation neutron target and coolant materials of Accelerator Driven nuclear transmutation Systems (ADS), inventories of spallation products in an LBE loop of J-PARC ADS Target Test Facility (TEF-T) were evaluated.
Miyahara, Shinya*; Ohdaira, Naoya*; Arita, Yuji*; Sasa, Toshinobu; Maekawa, Fujio; Matsuda, Hiroki; Meigo, Shinichiro
no journal, ,
Representative spallation product elements in a lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) loop in the ADS Target Test Facility (TEF-T) were selected. Chemical compounds of the elements and their concentrations which can be formed in the LBE were evaluated by one point equilibrium calculation by using the integrated thermodynamic calculation system Thermo-Calc.
Watanabe, Nao; Obayashi, Hironari; Nishihara, Kenji
no journal, ,
JAEA investigates lead-bismuth eutectic alloy (LBE) as a candidate of coolant and spallation target of Accelerator Driven System (ADS). Construction of an experimental facility for LBE spallation target is planned within the J-PARC project for feasibility study of ADS's beam window, which is exposed to high temperature LBE flow and strong proton and neutron irradiation environment. As a demonstration, an LBE target mock-up loop "IMMORTAL" was constructed to confirm the operation of a primary cooling system and to implement integration tests of developing components of LBE technologies. The thermal-hydraulic characteristic of LBE is very important, however, studies about it are still limited compared with that of light water. Therefore, in this research, a calculation model of IMMORTAL's primary loop was made and the thermal-hydraulic behavior was numerically simulated by using the RELAP5-3D code. Then, simulation results and experimental data are compared to validate heat transfer coefficient correlations and properties of LBE.
Komatsu, Atsushi; Saito, Shigeru; Obayashi, Hironari; Kita, Satoshi*; Igarashi, Takahiro
no journal, ,
Corrosion tests were conducted on SUS316L and T91 in molten lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) alloy under flow with oxygen concentration of 10
wt% to investigate the effects of pre-oxidation (steam oxidation and oxidation in oxygen-saturated LBE) on corrosion. The corrosion inhibition effect was observed for both pre-oxidation treatments, and the corrosion inhibition effect increased when these pre-oxidation treatments were combined.
